Intervensi Pragmatik pada Anak dengan Gangguan Komunikasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematik

Abstract

Background: Pragmatic ability is a crucial component of social communication, encompassing the understanding of context, nonverbal cues, and conversational rules. Individuals with disorders such as Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often experience difficulties in this area. Conventional speech therapy typically emphasizes structural aspects of language and has not fully addressed pragmatic needs. Pragmatic interventions, such as the Pragmatic Intervention Programme (PICP), have proven effective, particularly when involving active participation from both children and their parents. Objectives: This review aims to evaluate the role of pragmatic ability in speech therapy based on literature from the past five years, to support more contextual and comprehensive practices. Methods: Five peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2024 were systematically analyzed using the PRISMA approach. Results: The findings indicate that collaborative and context-based pragmatic interventions have a positive impact on children's social communication skills. Conclusion: These results highlight the need for a more inclusive and interdisciplinary approach to speech therapy, emphasizing parental involvement and the use of technology as a complement to traditional interventions.

Keywords: Pragmatics, Speech Therapy, Systematic Review, Communication Disorder